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December 3rd, 2024
Dihydrocodeine Addiction
What is dihydrocodeine?
Dihydrocodeine is an opioid painkiller commonly prescribed for moderate to severe pain, such as post-surgery discomfort or injuries and it can also help manage chronic conditions like arthritis and sciatica.
In the UK, it is a prescription-only medication, classified as a Class B drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. While legal when prescribed by a doctor, possessing or supplying it without a prescription is illegal.
Given its potential for dependence, dihydrocodeine should always be taken under strict medical observation to ensure safe use.
Why does dihydrocodeine have the potential to be addictive?
Dihydrocodeine has the potential to be addictive due to several factors related to how it interacts with the body and mind:
Opioid properties
Dihydrocodeine is an opioid, which means it acts on opioid receptors in the brain. These receptors control feelings of pain and pleasure, and when the drug binds to them, it can create a sense of euphoria or intense relaxation. This pleasurable sensation can lead to repeated use, as people may seek to recreate the feeling, increasing the risk of addiction.
Tolerance and dependence
Over time, the body can develop a tolerance to dihydrocodeine, meaning higher doses are required to achieve the same effect. This can lead to physical dependence, where the body relies on the drug to function normally. Once dependence is established, stopping or reducing the drug can cause withdrawal symptoms, which may encourage continued use and reinforce the cycle of addiction.
Misuse and recreational use
If dihydrocodeine is used outside of prescribed guidelines, such as taking larger doses or using it recreationally, the chances of developing an addiction increase. The euphoric effects, especially when misused, can create a strong desire for continued use, leading to addiction.
What are the dihydrocodeine addiction signs?
Recognising the signs of dihydrocodeine addiction is essential, whether you’ve been legally prescribed the medication or are using it illegally. Addiction can develop quickly, and the earlier the signs are recognised, the quicker a treatment plan can be devised to prevent further complications.
Physical signs
- Increased tolerance to the medication, requiring higher doses to achieve the same effect.
- Withdrawal symptoms, such as nausea, sweating, restlessness or shaking, when not taking dihydrocodeine.
- Drowsiness or extreme fatigue, especially during times when alertness is expected.
- Constipation is a common side effect that worsens with long-term use.
Psychological signs
- Cravings for dihydrocodeine that dominate thoughts or interfere with daily activities.
- Anxiety or depression, especially when trying to reduce or stop the medication.
- Loss of interest in hobbies or activities once enjoyed as focus shifts to obtaining and using the drug.
- Difficulty concentrating or memory problems, often due to the sedative effects of the drug.
Behavioural signs
- Doctor shopping or visiting multiple doctors to obtain more prescriptions.
- Lying about how much dihydrocodeine is being used or hiding pills from others.
- Neglecting responsibilities, such as work, school or family obligations.
- Risky behaviours, such as taking the drug in dangerous situations (e.g., driving) or using it in combination with other substances.
Can you overdose on dihydrocodeine?
Yes, you can overdose on dihydrocodeine. Like other opioids, dihydrocodeine carries a significant risk of overdose if taken in large amounts or when combined with other substances. Signs of a dihydrocodeine overdose can include:
- Slow or difficult breathing
- Extreme drowsiness or inability to wake up
- Confusion
- Small, pinpoint pupils
- Cold or clammy skin
- Blue lips or fingertips
- Loss of consciousness or coma
Worryingly, a comprehensive review conducted in 2022, covering the period from 2001 to 2020, revealed a concerning trend. Over this 19-year period in England, 2,071 deaths were linked to dihydrocodeine use. Most of these fatalities occurred when the drug was obtained without proper authorisation, leading to its misuse and accidental overdoses, especially when combined with other medications.
A common misconception is that dihydrocodeine is a milder opioid, which can lead to unintentional overdoses. This false belief can result in people underestimating its dangers, particularly those using over-the-counter dihydrocodeine products. The review also highlighted that individuals attempting self-harm often target these products due to their easy accessibility.
Am I addicted to dihydrocodeine?
If you’re feeling as though there may be an issue with your relationship with dihydrocodeine, it’s key to make sure that you check in with yourself. This could come through talking with a doctor or even asking yourself some simple questions such as:
- Do you find yourself taking dihydrocodeine more frequently or in higher doses than prescribed?
- Have you ever tried to stop taking dihydrocodeine but found it difficult or experienced withdrawal symptoms?
- Do you feel anxious or worried when you’re running low on your prescription?
- Have you noticed a decreased effect from your usual dose, leading you to take more to achieve the same relief?
- Are you continuing to take dihydrocodeine despite negative effects on your health, relationships or work?
- Do you spend significant time thinking about how to get more dihydrocodeine or planning when to take it?
Disclaimer: These questions are not a diagnostic tool. However, if you answered ‘yes’ to any of them, it may indicate a need for further medical advice and support.
What are the treatment options for dihydrocodeine addiction?
At Primrose Lodge, we take a caring and comprehensive approach to dihydrocodeine addiction, understanding that true recovery means addressing both the physical and emotional sides of addiction.
The first step in your journey with us is a safe and carefully monitored detox. We know how challenging this stage can be, so our healthcare team is here around the clock to help you through withdrawal, ensuring you’re supported every step of the way.
Once the detox process is complete, we focus on the psychological aspects of your addiction. Through therapies like Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), we work with you to uncover the thoughts and behaviours linked to substance use. We also offer holistic therapies, such as yoga and art, to nurture your overall well-being.
We believe aftercare is just as important as the treatment itself. Our ongoing support through counselling and support groups helps you build the confidence and community needed to maintain a healthy, sober life.
What’s next?
If you or a loved one is struggling with dihydrocodeine addiction, Primrose Lodge is here to help. Our caring team provides 24/7 support through every stage of recovery, from detox to ongoing therapy and aftercare. Don’t wait any longer, reach out today to start your journey toward a healthier, addiction-free life.
Contact us to take the first step and find the support you deserve.
Frequently Asked Questions
(Click here to see works cited)
- Kirsten L. Rock a, et al. “Highlighting the Hidden Dangers of a ‘weak’ Opioid: Deaths Following Use of Dihydrocodeine in England (2001–2020).” Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Elsevier, 24 Feb. 2022, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871622001132.
